The five stages of grief have been doing the
rounds since they were first introduced by psychiatrist Elisabeth Kübler-Ross
in 1969. While not everyone will be able to rhyme them off one by one in the
correct order, I imagine a sizable chunk of the population can name two or
three without much difficultly. Certainly the friends I asked confidently told me
that the first was denial and the last was acceptance. The middle three took a
little more effort to nail down. For those who are still in suspense, the complete
list goes like this: Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, Acceptance.
But a more interesting question to ponder is
how these obscure responses to grief have become so widely recognized,
seemingly embedded into the collective consciousness. I’d like to think this is
due to people having a natural curiosity towards psychology, but I might be
giving humanity far too much credit. I also don’t believe there are many dog-eared
copies of On Death and Dying, the book where Kübler-Ross first mentions
the five stages, lying on the modern-day bookshelves of the world. The only
other explanation is that we have been fed this information by the all-powerful,
all-knowing teacher we call the television set.
Sure enough, after a little digging I
discovered that these five stages have had an interesting a varied career in
the entertainment industry. According to the website www.ekrfoundation.org the Kübler-Ross
model has appeared in over 50 TV shows, including Breaking Bad, Buffy the
Vampire Slayer, and Frazier. They have also been referenced in big hit movies
like The Bucket List and Deadpool. Given this widespread coverage there is a
real possibility that anyone who has watched TV has been exposed to the five
stages in some form or other.
The reason for this widespread exposure might be difficult to pinpoint but one
possible explanation could lie in the structure of the five stages of grief
themselves. A compelling story or character arc is defined by the journey from
conflict to resolution. As it happens the path from denial to acceptance
closely follows a similar type of journey. But the question has to be posed:
can we really trust television to give a balanced and accurate representation
of these psychology concepts, or any concepts for that matter? Sadly, I think
we already know the answer to this question.
Since its inception, television has given us
wildly distorted views on what is possible in the real world. One only needs to
consider the idea of quicksand and instantaneous DNA results to realise
screenwriters have a habit of exaggerating the truth. The same goes for the way
the Kübler-Ross model is portrayed on the screen. Screenwriters have employed a
generous amount of poetic licence.
For starters, Kübler-Ross never defined a
specific order in which people progressed through the five stages. In some
cases, acceptance was experienced first; in other cases, acceptance was last. It’s
also worth noting that Kübler-Ross wasn’t aiming to create a universal model
for loss; she was merely observing how patients reacted to a terminal illness
diagnosis. TV shows, however, would have you believe that the five stages of
grief are experienced for the most mundane reasons like losing a wallet or going
through a casual breakup. This simply isn’t accurate.
It should also be mentioned that a growing
number of psychologists and psychiatrists are calling for the five stages to be
scrapped and disregarded altogether. While Kübler-Ross's work brought
much-needed attention to the area of grief and bereavement, there has been a
demand for the findings to be backed up with empirical data. Unfortunately, her
model was mostly based on anecdotal evidence and lacks rigorous scientific
support.
So the next time a friend of yours claims
they're experiencing the denial stage after losing a job packing shelves in
Aldi, I want you to fold your arms, look them dead in the eye, and tell them
they're talking nonsense.
Tags: Five Stages, Kübler-Ross model