I was thinking about pets and that put me in mind of canine ('like or pertaining to dogs') and feline ('like or purrtaining to cats' [1]). There are many other similar words, sometime called animal-ine words, for example:
bovine - cow
equine - horse
leonine - lion
ovine - sheep
porcine - pig
Here are 16 unusual ones, all found in the OED. What animals do they refer to? How many can you guess? (Answers in comments)
anatine
caprine
cervine
corvive
leporine
lumbricine
lupine
murine
oscine
pardine
pavonine
phocine
psittacine
soricine
ursine
vulpine
PS the suffix -ine comes directly from the Latin -inus which means more or less what -ine does; we can add it to noun X to get an adjective meaning X-like.
[1] Sorry, couldn't resist it.
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anatine - duck
caprine - goat
cervine - deer
corvive - crow
leporine - hare
lumbricine - earthworm
lupine- wolf
murine - mouse
oscine - songbird
pardine - leopard
pavonine - peacok
phocine - seal
psittacine - parrot
soricine - shrew
ursine - bear
vulpine - fox