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Āscunga and Andswara – Can you recognise these?

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Edited by Richard Walker, Wednesday 25 March 2026 at 00:04

Here is a hint

There is an old story of a philosophy examination that had but one question, which asked

  1. Is this a question?

To which a student answered, "If it is, then this is an answer", gaining top marks.

And that it what the words in the title are, askings (i.e. questions) and answers, in Old English.

Both are still with us, although asking (as a noun) only survives in fossilised form in expressions such as, 'Yours for the asking', having been displaced by question in the Middle English period.

Answer as a noun is a fairly common word, but its spelling has changed a lot and in a startlingly varied manner: the OED notes 60+ spellings and 20+ more in Scots dialect. Here are a handful of interesting ones, to give you a flavour.

ansfor, hanswer, ansquere, nonswarre, unswere, answeereawnsweare.

Both have interesting etymologies. Asking is thought to come from a Proto Indo-European (PIE) base *ais-, "want" or "wish for" and has relatives in a number of Germanic languages, 

Answer has a rather surprising origin. The OE form andswaru is made up of the elements and-, "against" and swaru, "swearing", in the sense of an solemn oath, so the original meaning was an against-swearing. It's thought this referred to a sort of binding affirmation of not being guilty of a charge brought against you, "I do solemnly swear it wasn't me" kind of thing, but then widened its meaning to include a response to a question of any sort. The Middle English Compendium gives an example from 1175 that clearly has the modern meaning

Sannte Peterr ȝaff himm þuss Anndswere onnȝæn & seȝȝde

which Gemini translates as, "Saint Peter gave him thus [an] answer back and said:"

And what of the first element and-. This too comes from a PIE base, *ant-, "in front of", "opposite" seen also in Latin ante and Greek αντί and the countless ante- and anti- words in modern languages.
 
To end, how might the title of this post have been pronounced? Gemini came up with this, and if you try reading it out aloud, it's surprisingly intelligible, not unlike the modern words said with a north-east English accent.
 
AH-skung-ah ahnd AND-swah-rah
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