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Dave Martin

The Fourth Plinth

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The Fourth Plinth stands in the north west corner of Trafalgar Square. Built in 1841 it was originally intended to act as the base of a statue of the typical Victorian hero - soldier or sailor - as its three companions in the square have always done.

In modern times there has been heated debate as to whose statue it should support but now it could be any one of us. The sculptor Antony Gormley is asking the people of the UK to occupy the Fourth Plinth for one hour at a time. He sees this as a representation of the whole of humanity. Every hour, 24 hours a day for 100 days, individuals who will be selected at random from all applicants can make the Plinth their own.

So does this make us all potentially heros? And how might the Heritage Wardens who are on duty in Trafalgar Square 24 hours a day describe us to the tourists who come to visit?

To find out more about the One & Other project visit the website: http://www.london.gov.uk/fourthplinth/

 

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Dave Martin

Ronald Reagan - US President

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Edited by Dave Martin, Friday, 22 May 2009, 15:29

The short timeline below of Ronald Regan's statue stories is a nice illustration of the contested nature of the debate around who are the heros who should be commemorated by statues. Follow the links to read the original stories.

18th September 2006

Polish admirers of Ronald Regan currently living in Poland, Canada and the USA were raising money to erect a statue in Warsaw, opposite the US embassy. They saw Reagan as a hero in the fight against communism, their leader Janusz Dorosiewicz being quoted as saying, "Reagan was the person who defeated the communists and opened to way for freedom in Poland ... The statue is a way for his legacy to live on."

com/archives/ic/2006/9/18/111346.shtml?s=ic

29th June 2008

Plans to place a bronze statue of Ronald Reagan outside the US embassy in London were rejected by Westminster council citing a policy saying that people must have been dead for 10 years before they qualify for a public monument. Critics of this decision noted that there was a statue to Nelson Mandela in Parliament Square (pictured below), and he was still alive.

http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/columnists/article4232170.ece

13th April 2009

The leaders of Congress will join Nancy Reagan when she unveils a statue of Ronald Reagan on 3rd June in the Capitol Rotunda, washington D.C.

http://www.rollcall.com/news/33956-1.html?CMP=OTC-RSS

22nd May 2009

Westminster City Council gave planning permission for a statue of Ronald Reagan to be erected outside the US embassy in London. To allow this the council had changed its 10 year policy. Tellingly the chairman of the planning sub-committee Steve Summers was quoted as saying, "Regardless of politics, nobody can dispute that President Reagan was a true ally of this country. During his presidency the term 'special relationship' reflected not just the close working partnership of our respective governments, but helped reinforce Britain's unquestionable cultural and historic ties with the United States. To acknowledge Mr Reagan's contribution to the end of the Cold War, a piece of the Berlin Wall will be installed in front of the statue. American Chas Fagan will sculpt the 10 foot high bronze statue on a 6 foot Portland stone plinth.

 http://www.scotsman.com/latest-london-news/Goahead-for-Reagan-statue.5294654.jp

 

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Dave Martin

Thomas Telford

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Edited by Dave Martin, Monday, 11 May 2009, 10:42

Not all statues are a straightforward portrayal of the individual. Below is the statue of Thomas Telford, road engineer. The sculptor, Andre Wallace, has incorporated the figure of Telford in to the name of the new town itself. Thomas Telford leans over the o, top hat in hand and with his coat hung on the d.

The statue, unveiled in 1988, stands outside the council offices in Telford. This new town stands on the A5, the famous road engineered by Telford, and what better way to establish itself than by erecting a statue of the man it is named after.

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Dave Martin

Only one Isambard Kingdom Brunel but six statues

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Edited by Dave Martin, Friday, 22 May 2009, 15:31

Isambard Kingdom Brunel, the engineer, is commemorated by six statues in six different places. These have been erected at different dates for similar reasons, each place wants to link itself with its heritage and connection to Brunel.

London, Embankment erected 1864, sculptor Baron Marochetti

Swindon, erected 1973, copy of Marochetti's work

London, Paddingdon Station, erected 1982, sculptor John Doubleday

Bristol, erected 1982, sculptor John Doubleday

Neyland, Pembrokeshire, erected 1999, sculptor Robert Thomas of Barry

Brunel University, erected 2006, sculptor Anthony Stones

London is the scene of several of Brunel's works and he was the type of hero the Victorians commemorated with statues. Swindon is the railway town created by Brunel's Great Western Railway so its claim to his fame is understandable. The two companion statues by John Doubleday were commissioned and paid for by the Bristol and West Building Society and are placed at either end of Brunel's Great Western line from London to Bristol. In fact they were unveiled on the same day, the dignitaries starting in London and travelling by rail to unveil the second statue. Neyland, the Pembrokshire port of departure of Brunel's steam ships, paid for its statue by public subscription whilst Brunel University's reason for wanting a statue is obvious.

Each statue is different. The Victorians wanted to look up to their heros so on the Embankment Brunel stands up high above us on his pedestal. Today we are more likely to be invited to stand alongside our heros as the photograph of the Paddington station statue below shows.

Additionally each statue depicts Brunel in a different fashion, standing or sitting, holding a steamship, top hatted or not. The most recent statue gave rise to controversy as Brunel's trademark cigar was omitted showing that the issue of commemoration is important to people.

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/5194478.stm

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Dave Martin

Two royal invaders but only one statue

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Edited by Dave Martin, Friday, 22 May 2009, 15:25

Following the theme of who is commemorated by a statue and who is not we can compare two royal invaders. In 1685 James, Duke of Monmouth, illegitimate son of King Charles II landed at Lyme Regis in Dorset at the start of his unsuccessful attempt to depose and replace his uncle, King James II. This attempt ended with Monmouth’s defeat, capture and execution.

 

Three years later in 1688 William, Prince of Orange, son in law of James II, landed at Brixham in Devon at the start of his successful invasion. This culminated in his coronation as William III whilst James II fled to France. The following year William defeated James at the Battle of the Boyne in Ireland, an event commemorated by the Orange Day parades held each year.

 

So who has a statue to commemorate their landing?

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The answer is William, shown on the quayside in Brixham. His statue was funded by the Orange Order of England and if you want to know why then read the inscription on the pedestal for a clue.

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Dave Martin

Alfred the Great - a more traditional hero

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Edited by Dave Martin, Friday, 22 May 2009, 15:32

To my knowledge there are at least two public statues of Alfred the Great, one in his capital Winchester and another in his birth place Wantage. By erecting statues both places are laying a claim to him. The statues offer some similarities and differences in how they depict Alfred.

In Winchester the 15 foot high bronze statue by Sir W H Thornycroft was unveiled in 1901, 1000 years after Alfred's death. It took 11 months to cast at the Singer foundry, Frome, Somerset. It depicts Alfred as a Christian warrior and shield of the Saxons against the Danes, sword raised in the symbol of the cross. 

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In Wantage the statue, commissioned by Lord Wantage, and designed and carved in 1877 by Count Gleichen of Hohenlobe, (a cousin of Queen Victoria) stands in the town centre. It depicts Alfred as the warrior, hence the axe, and lawgiver, see the scroll, and in the woven design on the hem of his tunic is the Christian symbol of the cross.

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So not only do we have to consider who to erect statues to but where they are placed and how the chosen individual is depicted.

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Dave Martin

Cast Bronze Reputations

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Edited by Dave Martin, Friday, 22 May 2009, 15:31

Which people we choose to represent with statues erected in public places has been a question I've been interested in for a number of years. It was initially sparked by the statue of Richard III erected in Leicester and shown below. This portrays him in a very heroic pose unlike the Shakesperean stereotype of the evil 'hunchback' nephew murdering villain.

On investigation it emerged that this statue was paid for by the Richard III society. So that explains both the presence of the statue in the city where I think he is buried and the way in which he is depicted.

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