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Very, very pleased!

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Well, the results are out for H800 and they are early!

I'm very pleased with my 'pass' - it was the first time I had studied at this level and the project was the longest piece of academic work I had ever written. I had a little dance round the room and the dog thought I'd gone mad.

I'm having a year off from study next year (8 years of constantly doing something have left me needing a break) but I suspect that the Masters is beckoning me after that.

Thanks to Alex for all his help and support.  It gave me an insight into the importance of the tutor from the student point of view which (as an OU tutor myself) was invaluable in itself.

All the best to everyone on the course and I hope you all have good news too.

Vikki

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Open the bottle!

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Whew! ECA submitted at last - time for trashy telly and a glass of wine.  Hope everyone is getting on OK.

Probably my last post here as I'm not doing a 'H' module next presentation - thanks for reading if you did and if not I should apologise to the pigeons! (See my first post)

Vikki

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ECA

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I'm still writing - but feel like I'm getting somewhere at last.  The only problem is that I could quite easily write 6000 words each on blogging and social bookmarking - there is far too much in my plan.

All in all  though this exercise is really pulling together my thoughts on the course as a whole.  It also struck me that it was a real pity that there was no exercise associated with the introduction to Delicious.  This is such a useful and underused tool - wouldn't it have been a good idea to introduce us to it's strengths as a learning tool by example?

Back to the grind stone.

Vikki

 

 

 

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Is Social Networking 'over'?

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Interesting story in the Guardian.

http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2009/aug/06/young-abandon-social-networking-sites

 

The OFCOM web site is full of interesting looking reports and stats (some of the latter very complex but if your maths is up to it no doubt it's a gold mine)

 

Vikki

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W23 A2

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Some hurried thoughts - must catch up.

  1. What is your experience of being a learner?

Firstly, a very fortunate one.  By accident of birth I ended up with parents who were educated themselves and committed to education for their children. They also had the resources to provide practical support. We lived near an exellent 'bog standard' comprehensive with committed and capable teachers and I went to a good, well resourced university to study a subject I loved.  All of this shows just how vital social and economic background is.

I find learning empowering and enjoyable - I got the 'buzz' young and have never stopped formal learning (apart from a couple of years when I was getting started as a lawyer, getting married etc).  Another important point perhaps - I never stopped, returning to study after a number of years away would be very difficult I suspect.

I'm self motivating (though you'd never guess it from the last few weeks lack of activity) and whilst I enjoy collaboration I don't need it to keep going.

 2.  What tools and resources do you use?

Books and magazines/journals, other people, digital resources - OU library facilities, Digital tools- Delicious, Google Scholar and Wikipedia (both with reservations), OU course VLE.

3. What are your views on different technologies?

I struggle to see the real application of Twitter.  The Course VLE is excellent and provides a good way of working throught the materials ( a reading list and some suggestions about how to construct a PLE just wouldn't have been as covenient).

4.Can you think of examples where technology has made a significant difference to the way you learn?

In legal practice the ability to access searchable, authoritative databases of case law, statute and commentary has revolutionised how I keep up to date and how I carry out research.  Searchability and the range of sources available through the LexisLibrary and Westlaw providers makes research much quicker and more reliable (up dating and making sure provisions are in force is so much easier)

H800 is of course inherently technology based - however paper copies of the readings would be so much easier to read (reading on screen eventually gives me eye strain and a headache - any prospect of publishing the readings in a format that is compatible with say, Kindle or another e-book, I'd buy one for that alone)

5.  Can you think of counter examples where you had a bad experience of a particular technology?

As I have mentioned in a previous post on my last RHS module the Moodle VLE was very poorly used - the result I think of lack of tutor training and no IT support on site.

6.  What did this do to your motivation for learning?

It was frustrating - but it did not affect my motivation because the principle mode of learning was f2f tuition supported by study from various paper texts which I already owned.

7.  How did you deal with the situation?

I quickly decided that the VLE had no real value and did not use it.

Vikki

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Week 23 1

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So far behind it's just not funny.  However here are some brief thoughts on the development of vocabulary and terms used to describe the use of technology in education.

Firstly, as also noted on Ruslan's group wiki, the change from terms incorporating the word 'education' to those using the word 'learning'.  Possibly reflecting the move away from a teacher centred pedagody to one that is focused on the learner and their experience.

Secondly, the terms used early on tend to refer to 'computer' or 'technology' - that implies a focus on the physical tools.  The later terms refer to the activity or location - 'mobile', 'community', 'game based' or 'remote'.  Perhaps reflects the ever increasing variety of tools available to access digital content and an associated move in focus away from the tool to the activity itself.  Brad Wheeler in 'E-Research is a Fad: Scholarship, Cyberinfrastructure and IT Governance' in The Tower and the Cloud http://www.educause.edu/thetowerandthecloud

describes a process in which 'the 'e' becomes silent' in e-business and, he believes, in e-scholarship, over time.  The activity is the important thing - not the tools being used to facilitate it.

Vikki

 

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Week 21/22 My alternative paper

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I have been reading the Australian Governements Digital Education Revolution strategy papers for schools.

http://www.deewr.gov.au/Schooling/DigitalEducationRevolution/Documents/DERStrategicPlan.pdf         

 

http://www.deewr.gov.au/Schooling/DigitalEducationRevolution/Documents/AICTEC_DER%20ROADMAP%20Advice.pdf

What struck me about these papers was the very practical approach.  The emphasis is on practical steps (1:1 provision of computers for schools, fast broadband or satelite access for all schools, a budget and strategy for delivering teacher training) with clear government responsibility for delivery.  There is partnership with the private sector but the leadership for the programme is with national and state governments. 

This contrasted with the much less clear BECTA paper which set out a number of priorities but with less clear proposals for implementation or indeed who is leading the process. 

 One example is the problem of single data standards to allow interoperability.  The BECTA paper recognises the problem but appears to be reliant on encouragement of the private sector to reach a solution (which may not be in their commercial interests).

The DER project includes the development of a single standard which it seems will be required of any software to be implemented in schools - no compliance equals no sale.

Another contrast is the clear statements of budgets and timescales.  I could not find any mention in the BECTA paper of funding requirements nor any suggestion of how the necessary funds would be provided.

A particular issue here would seem to be teacher training.  BECTA recognise the need for training but see this as a requirement of the 'professional role' of teachers (which to a cynical mind suggests that this will not be separately funded).  The Australian project has a governmental direction that half of the teacher training budget for CPD is to be allocated to schools based ICT training.

The top down approach leaves little scope for the development of PLE's but perhaps that is understandable in a programme that is aimed at schools.   

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more mobile learning stuff

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A useful paper descibing the practical potential applications of mobile phones/SMS/automated voice mail in education

http://www.educause.edu/EDUCAUSE+Quarterly/EDUCAUSEQuarterlyMagazineVolum/TheRevolutionNoOneNoticedMobil/163866

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interesting paper on mobile learning in practice

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http://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1077&context=edupapers
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Thoughts on Personal Learning Environments

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 I have encountered a number of new tools and technologies on this course, some of which I have adopted as useful (Delicious, blogging) and others which seem to me to have limited use (such as Twitter).  In one sense I am developing a PLE - but I am perfectly happy to include the OU VLE in this.

for example, I prefer to use the OU library databases rather than Google Scholar simply because of the large number of papers that I have found on the latter that require payment to access.  More often than not a search that begins on Google Scholar (because I am too lazy to log in) will end up on the library web site to get full text access.

I am not familiar with many on-line tools and the VLE has a clear benefit for me, in that it provides me with useful simple tools that do not require hours of playing to get any real benefit from them.  I am not a technophile and therefore if a tool is intuitive to use and relatively simple I will use it to perform a specific task.  I have very little patience with (and little time available for) anything more complex.

I think that VLE's therefore have simplicity in their favour.  If I were a law student I would become very frustrated with any course that required that I identify, for myself, from hundreds of possible solutions, learn about and become expert with, a host of new tools as well as studying my subject.

The PLE argument assumes that the students are already using all the necessary tools to a high level of proficiency.  However there are two difficulties with this approach.  Firstly, the digital natives, that is the truly expert users of technology, do not appear to be anything like a majority as yet. 

 Secondly, for those who are not experts there is a risk that their PLE would be relatively impoverished and that this would reflect in their assessments.  The danger here is that the grades would reflect the capacity of the Web 2.0 tools selected and not the understanding of the student of the subject in question.  There is then a danger that you end up assessing something that you are not teaching - which is unfair to the students concerned.

Therefore whilst I like the concept of a Personal Learning Environment - in that it requires that you look at all of the aspects of your life that relate to or may be useful for your learning (hence the inclusion of people and books in my PLE) and clearly identify them - I have doubts about it's use in the strict sense for many students.

Perhaps the issue is the level and subject of study.  For students like ourselves studying educational technology at Masters level, it may well make sense to allow the putting together of a set of independent Web 2.0 tools.  However even here many of us were not familiar with such tools and would require detailed guidance.

At undergraduate level my experience of OU students is that they are not the expert 'digital natives' that the technophiles suggest.  Some clearly are very capable with ICT, but for many the OU computer grant enables them to purchase their own computer for the first time.  To ask them to research and structure their own PLE and learn to use those tools in addition to their studies would I think result in a very high rate of non-completion.

This would effectively outsource the 'provision' of educational technology to the students themselves with any associated costs.  It also may leave them dependent on often poor support (premium rate help lines or inadequate help files), using tools with limited inter-operability (every year about half of my level 1 students don't know what a file format is - they have to submit assignments in .rtf or .doc formats and I get a wide assortment of everything but).

Other issues relate to moderation, intellectual property, data retention and defamation which I have dealt with in an earlier post.

In conclusion, I like the broad concept which I find useful. I can see it's usefulness in teaching computer science or educational technology, where the tools are part of the subject being studied, or for post graduate students.  I think that the problems of support, interoperability and complexity mean that it would be a very high risk strategy for undergraduates or college students.

Those who had had fewest educational or economic advantages might well be those who were least able to create an effective PLE. As well as the digital divide we might create digital crevasses down which students could fall after accessing higher/further education.

 

 

 

 

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My PLE

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My PLE

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Reading Conole - thoughts

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I was struck by the negative characterisation of those academics and tutors who do not take to the use of Web 2.0 and ICT in general in education. 

 The author seems to approach the views of those who are not enthused as a kind of 'false consciousness' - that is 'if they only properly understood these wonderful technologies they would all use them to teach.  They just don't understand'. I wonder if this is indeed the case.

Larry Cuban in 'New Technologies in Old Universities' reported that even in the late 1980's almost all faculty members at Stanford used computers to prepare materials and research and for personal use - but almost none used ICT in delivering teaching.  These people are not technophobes - so something else seems to be going on.

I wonder if it is this - teachers/tutors/lecturers are very aware that whilst they present much the same materials each year, for their students this is very likely to be a one off opportunity.  Experimentation is therefore a high risk strategy, not for the tutor, but for the student (even if the students are not aware of the danger).

There is apparently no evidence that ICT enhanced or based learning is more effective (in terms of grades or outcomes) than the 'old school' approach (which is perhaps not surprising given the relative lack of use - a Catch 22 situation).

Therefore there is a risk that the tutor will, at great personal cost in terms of time and effort, rewrite and revisit all elements of their practice and course - only to find that the outcomes for students are no better or indeed may be worse.

Add to that the tendency to assess competence by results, lack of time and training and that there is no additional pay for all the additional work involved, and the resistance to ICT in education starts to look like a rational (though deeply conservative) response, rather than a Luddite refusal to embrace the inevitable.

Rant over

Vikki

 

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Reading Conole -my own experience of technology

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It is not necessarily easy to relate the issues in the article to my work as a lawyer.  Whilst technology has become more important it is really about easier and quicker ways of doing much the same thing as before.

For example, using databases such as LexisNexus enables quick searching for relevant cases and commentary and makes such resources easy to structure and use to write advices.  Using e-mail enables speedy communication and provides a clear trail of the conversation (unlike the telephone which requires detailed notes to be prepared for the file).  Using word processing enables clear and efficient drafting (I type about as fast as I write and my handwriting is vile) which also means that support staff are freed up to manage diaries and documents and answer calls etc, rather than audio typing.

Court hearings may take place by conference call rather than in person - but the rules and procedures are essentially the same.

However these are all technological improvements on the original tasks - researching the law, writing advices, negotiating or drafting documents.  There is no step change here that I can see.

The main change is the expectation of clients that communication will be immediate and of levels of availability.  This is facilitated by e-mail - I tend to reply and give a timescale for a full and considered advice.  The danger is that the immediacy of e-mail communication leads to a less considered approach which is risky.

So far as education is concerned I tutor for the OU so my experiences are all currently within that environment.  I initially started with a level 1 face to face tutorial course that has very limited on-line involvement (no tutor group forum, printed materials) and I then began to tutor the company law option which has printed materials but on-line tutorials via a discussion forum.  The on-line tutorial format is rather limiting and the students dislike it (not interesting and lacking pace because of limited participation).  The course is switching over to Elluminate next presentation and whilst I dread the technical issues that should improve the quality of the tutorials no end.  I am somewhat concerned thought that there does not appear to be a clear program of training for tutors in Elluminate so I hope that it is intuitive to moderate!

Vikki

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Educational innovations and Web 2.0

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Examples of Web 2.0 innovations in education

 

http://argosi.playthinklearn.net/evaluation.pdf

 

This project seems to have had rather mixed outcomes – students weren’t very interested in using a game to familiarise themselves with university life unless it either (i) counted towards their award or (ii) they could win a prize (!) 

 

http://www.zunal.com/

 

A way to create and structure on-line web quests and web scavenger hunts – interesting with a number of existing quests for re-use.  Generally American content.

 

http://www.mystudiyo.com/

 

A free (beta) site that enables the creation of good looking, automatically marked quizzes.  Claims to be easy to embed into any web site – it remains to be seen whether Moodle will play ball or not.

 

 

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the future of books?

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This is an interesting story - a free database of information intended to cover all books

http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2009/jul/01/internet-open-library

Vikki

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mobile learning pilot school project

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Here's a link for anyone who is looking at PDAs etc for the eTMA

http://www.digitaljournal.com/article/250942/New_York_Schools_Give_Students_Free_Cellphones_in_Pilot_Reward_Program

Vikki

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does social bookmarking work as a search method

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interesting paper on this question

http://www.stanford.edu/~koutrika/res/Publications/2008_wsdm.pdf

Vikki

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fascinating video on social networking and global issues

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Clay Shirky on social capital and technology

http://www.ted.com/talks/clay_shirky_how_cellphones_twitter_facebook_can_make_history.html

Vikki

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No multiple tags - why?

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I've just realised that this blog does not store separate multiple tags.  So if I tag a post H800 and Web 2.0 and another H800 and tagging, then, even with spaces between the tags, they are treated as two separate tags and if I seach H800 on it's own I won't find them.

Doesn't this just defeat the point of having tags at all!?

Vikki

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mobile devices/photos/tagging

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Here is an interesting development from Flickr

http://blog.flickr.net/en/2009/06/18/nearby-on-your-phone

This is photo sharing/tagging being used to create a mobile guide to the immediate environment - learning as interpreting reality.  Could be useful if you were in a new place or on holiday and wanted to find out more about the area.

Vikki

 

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access to web 2.0/blurring boundaries

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The report titled Wave 3 on this site is interesting and includes a lot of global information on use of Web 2.0 tools

http://www.universalmccann.com/

This has some UK information

http://www.nudgelondon.com/blog/2008/11/latest-uk-social-networking-statistics/

and on a completely different note, here is a project using social bookmarking to encourage visitors to engage with museums

http://www.steve.museum/

Vikki

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Print v on-line resources - interesting

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This is an interesting article from the THE about the issues faced by university library services adapting to e-resources.  It buys into the 'digital natives' hypothesis uncritically but it is a good overview of the debate 'on the ground'.

http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/story.asp?sectioncode=26&storycode=407096&c=1

Vikki

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the Observatory Report (2)

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1.                  Do the reports of projects using ICT at the universities of Warwick, Leeds, Brighton, Edinburgh and Klagenfurt provide evidence in support of Martin Weller’s view that universities are creating a centralised and top-down version of technology in current applications to teaching and learning?

 

Yes, I believe so, with the exception of Leeds all the universities have a centralised system with access provided via the university.

  Two of the universities have strategies which are either expressly about Web 2.0 (Edinburgh) or include an ICT strand (Leeds).  These strategies are expressed in terms of institutional priorities and actions and do not appear to have had student input (although we do not have the information to be conclusive about this). 

That said the reasons for a top down approach seem entirely sensible.  This is a little off topic but they seemed to me to be the following:

(a)  Moderation:  The first issue here is whether to actively moderate at all.  If you do not do so and there is widespread unacceptable content or behaviour then the university may suffer reputational damage or even legal action.  However if you do actively moderate then the university is essentially confirming and supporting the content that remains, which is also a risky position.

Where we have information about the moderation approaches of the projects they seem to have taken a half way approach whereby there is a reporting system for unacceptable content which can then be removed.  Otherwise the system is self moderating with users correcting milder unacceptable behavour.  This approach however requires that users are given the skills to do this – otherwise you just get a flame war and users who are not actively involved in the conflict leave.

(b) Intellectual property – the university may be able to use the ‘common carrier’ defence for defamation but this is less likely to work for infringements of copyright etc (see ‘PirateBay’ where the approach of the Swedish authorities may well be followed in other jurisdictions).  If the university has control of the tools and data then the infringing material can be easily removed.  To depend on a third party to do this would seem very risky.

(c) Personal security – the university is under a duty to take reasonable steps to provide a safe environment for learning.  This would seem to imply some responsibility for content and for moderation.

(d) Preservation and authentication of data – without central control this cannot be effectively implemented with any certainty (systems change and the priorities of commercial providers may not match those of the universities or the students)

(e) Technical issues – we know that frustrations with technical issues are a major issue for students.  If a known and relatively narrow range of tools are in use then the university can provide support for students and advice about system requirements.  If there is a ‘pick and mix’ approach this becomes much more difficult.  Such an approach also makes the provision of training to students and staff very problematic.

2.                  Which of the projects described seem to you the most promising in terms of reconfiguring teachers’ roles, the curriculum, assessment or institutions?

There seems very little information here on which to base a comment.  The take up of blogging for example is very limited where the data is provided.  At Warwick 15% of the student body have accounts (we are not told whether these are active or not).  At Leeds 6.25% of the student body use the blogging tool and a Brighton the figure is only 4.5%.

 

 Against this background the reluctance of staff to incorporate blogging into their teaching seems a rational decision. It is one thing to use a tool that your students like and are familiar with to enhance your teaching, it is quite another to have to teach the vast majority of your students how to use a blog when you may not have been trained to do this yourself (and may not have time).

 

Leeds seems to have the greatest opportunity to actually reconfigure roles etc as it is in the process of commissioning a new VLE.  Therefore there is the chance to seek the views of students and staff, explore new tools and reconsider pedagogy rather than simply treating this as a purchasing decision for the IT budget holder.

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The observatory report

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  1. What proportion of people in different age groupings are doing more than reading the Web? (See the table on page 6.)

There were some interesting contrasts here - but I couldn't see how the various categories were defined so I'm not sure whether someone who writes a blog is a 'Creator' or a 'Joiner' for example.

Among the Joiners 70% of 18-21 year olds were using SNSs but only 29% of 27-40 year olds.  It isn't clear whether this is because such sites are a young technology or because users tend to give up on these sites as they get older.  It also isn't clear whether Joiners are all people who have an account and have ever used such sites or whether the category only includes those who do so regularly. 

'Collectors' are a relatively small proportion of all age groups.  This is interesting because arguably this is one of the uses of Web 2.0 that has strong educational uses in terms of research.

34% of 12-17 year olds and 42% of 27-40 year olds are 'Inactive' (that is, they do not use Web 2.0 tools).

This relatively high figure for the younger age group made it rather surprising for me that the authors 'buy in' to Perensky's 'digital native' hypothesis pretty much without question.

2.  What does this suggest about the experience of Web 2.0 that the majority of users have? Does it embody the claimed characteristics of Web 2.0 or is it closer to those of Web 1.0? (See section 2.5 of the report.)

 I'm less than convinced.  Although the figures for active participation are higher than has been suggested they are still low.  Moreover it isn't clear what the survey questions were - we cannot say for certain that the Creators do so regularly.  Apart from the spike in the Joiner's figures for the three younger age groups and the Spectators fand Inactive figures there is no majority of the age groups in the other categories.  Arguably the one that really counts is 'Creators'.

Spectators and Inactives are essentially still using Web 1.0.

I'll post about the other questions later

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Education 2.0 - a rant

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I'm not sure I should be posting because I have only just finished reading the TLRP-TEL 2008 Report and it has profoundly irritated me.  Maybe I'm misreading it but it comes across as a sales pitch for educational software providers. 

 Some of the statements place the technology above or at least equal to the pedagogy in importance (For example: 'undertaking effective pedagogic design in virtual worlds involves recognising and selecting from the various offers of the particular application ...whilst bearing in mind the needs of the educational context..' Carr).  This seems to me to be the wrong way round - if we design to fit the technology we take on board the assumptions and preferences of software designers (such as the idea that file structures are inevitable and necessary).  This is a concern when none of the Web 2.0 technologies have been designed for education.

The report is also prone to sweeping statements unsuported by authority - the sort of thing that my students loose marks for. One example of this is the comment that there has been an increase in the 'sheer number of internet users' (with no reference to the time period of the increase in question or any reference).  The UK statistics suggest that internet penetration has plateaued with no significant increase since 2004.

It also appears to accept the 'digital native' hypothesis without any real question - a brief nod to the doubters but no mention of the studies that suggest that only a relatively small percentage of students actually have the expertise and immersion in technologies that the authors appear to assume is universal.

Oh yes, and casual references to 'evolution' of technologies for education as if Web 2.0 were a natural, self regulating biological system instead of a nexus of commercial interests.  There may be parallels but this analogy seems to conceal the social and political context.

Final grump -

Ways of developing ‘cultures of trust’ between learners and schools with regard to their use of technology should be encouraged. This could be achieved by allowing learners to negotiate the nature of their internet use in school

Have these guys ever been anywhere near an inner city secondary school?

  The 'nature' of the internet use, if unrestricted, would be downloading hard core, playing games and on-line purchase of Viagra etc for re-sale.  The rules are there for internet access for the same reasons that there are rules of class room conduct - if there were not there would be chaos dictated by the most disruptive.

Sorry - ranting but hopefully with some relevant points.

Vikki

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