OU blog

Personal Blogs

Ellen-Arwen Tristram

Peaks and Troughs of Chartism

Visible to anyone in the world

So, bumbled my way through the on and offline parts of the chronological history of Chartism; now we're going to be looking at it based on themes.

Things to remember from Chartism:

KEY POINTS FROM THE NATIONAL PETITION

  1. Universal male suffrage
  2. No property qualifications for MPs
  3. Annual parliaments (new elected House of Commons each year)
  4. Constituencies of equal size, whether in terms of inhabitants or voters
  5. MPs should be paid
  6. Voting by secret ballot


This was what was put forward in the second national petition of 1842, the biggest one with over 3 million signatures. It's not specified but I believe the other petitions contained the same key points:

1839 - First National Petition

1842 - Second National Petition

1848 - Third National Petition

1849 - Fourth National Petition (attempted)

1852 - Fifth National Petition (attempted)

There are really 3 key dates for the Chartist movement:

  • 1839 - first Chartist General Convention meets (first London, then moves to Birmingham); First National Petition with 1 million + signatures presented to Parliament 14th June; 12th July, the Commons reject a motion to consider the Petition; 5th November, armed force of Chartists march on Newport where soldiers fire on them - killing 20+ wounding ~50
  • 1842 - 2nd May, the Second National Petition containing over 3 million signatures brought to London with crowds of 50,000 strong, and mounted horsemen; the Commons reject a motion to listen to six Chartist representatives the very next day; July-September - the 'Plug plot' strike takes place in Staffordshire, Lancashire and other parts of industrial North England and Scotland, strikers marching from town to town to encourage other workers to strike, conning the term 'turn-outs'
  • 1848 - revolutions in late February-March in France, the Italian State of Austria, Hungary and the states of Germany (makes British government fearful); 10th April, Third National Petition presented - officials reject the claim that there are 5,700,000 signatures, instead making the number just under 2,000,000 including bogus ones, making Chartist leaders seem dishonest and untrustworthy; mass arrests and trials follow, including key Chartist leaders; summer - public disturbances and failed local attempts at uprisings; riots in Bradford (May 28th) and London (4th June)

Chartism basically fizzled out after this. The Fourth and Fifth National Petitions garnered very few signatures; it could be said that the public were disillusioned with huge disparity between numbers of signatures for the Third Petition. 


Now going to moving onto looking at Chartism grouped by themes, as opposed to chronologically:

  • Economic Distress - Chartist agitation at it height when economy struggling the most
  • Political Goals - Chartism channelled this distress towards specific political goals
  • Cultural - Chartism became a self-sustaining cultural community with a momentum of its own, despite set backs.



I have a tutorial coming up on the 31st and I don't feel ready at all. I think I'll email my tutor...

Permalink
Share post
Ellen-Arwen Tristram

Reflection on Unit 2 so far

Visible to anyone in the world
Edited by Ellen-Arwen Tristram, Friday, 3 Nov 2017, 10:29

reflection on water


So, having made it through another week without a blog post (oops), I've reached the end of Unit 2 in the book format! The next step is entirely online, which will be an interesting change.

I'd forgotten how much fun study of literature is! Unit 2 has definitely been more enjoyable to me than Unit 1. Familiarising myself with the different terms relating to poetry has been easy, and I have really enjoyed the poems that I've read. I know most of them already, but I've only studied a few and it's such fun to delve further into them. Like with classical music, I find that poetry (well, good poetry at least) improves vastly with reading and rereading. The recordings were also really helpful in getting to grips with the poetry, particularly the dialect ones, and the ones that have a strong metre. (As well as 'Beasley Street' by John Cooper Clarke, which is a song, and I believe we will be studying in more detail in the online part of this module.)

I have loved studying poetry and not found this module a slog, although I know some other OU students have. I've become quite active in the forums and - I hope - offered some helpful thoughts to other students. I think I come at this module from a very fortunate background, having studied poetry in depth before (though a long time ago), and because I read a lot of poetry. Even with the poems I knew already, it has been genuinely enjoyable to learn more of the context and study them closely. 

With some of the activities I found myself looking at the 'discussion' section at the same time as writing my own answers. Although this isn't the intended way to study it, I still came up with original ideas, so I'm not too worried. As I move forwards, I'm going to try harder to be more confident in my own ideas and therefore not use the 'pre-made' answers as a crutch

There were three opportunities for further self-guided study on the poems: Owen's 'Dulce et Decorum Est', and 'Strange Meeting', and Nichols' 'Where I Hang.' I studied two: 'Strange Meeting' and 'Where I Hang.' I felt more trepidicious going into these, knowing there was no 'discussion' afterward to compare my thoughts to, but I'm glad I did both of these; it showed me I can actually come up with my own ideas, although I did find a brilliant online analysis of 'Strange Meeting' as this poem was more opaque to me (despite knowing it off by heart!). With 'Wherever I Hang', I only used my own ideas and was pleased that I actually had a lot to say. I may have missed some specific points, but I think that I made valid observations. I also wrote a little about John Agard in this section; although the poem I was referring to was not a 'protest poem', it fit very well: Agard and Nichols both have similar ethnic backgrounds. 'Joining the dots', so to speak, was very satisfactory.

The final activity of the non-online part of this section asked us to consider 'Which was the most effective protest poem?' Well, I protest! I don't think this is a possible question to answer, nor do I believe that it is helpful to compare such different poems. The four key poems we studied were so different that to say one was 'better' than another felt meaningless to me. Instead, I used this exercise to write a sort of summary of why each poem was effective in its different ways.

The study diamond was introduced to us at the beginning of this module:



I have to say I didn't consciously use the study diamond when I made my own analyses of the poems, and maybe I should have; however, it felt too formulaic to me. I covered all of these points, but I didn't necessarily label them and say: 'now I am going to talk about techniques...' etc. I'm also unsure why starting with 'effects' is the advised way to go forward; in academic writing, it is usually the techniques that are focused on, as you are not writing from a first-person point of view. I will come back to the study diamond and give it another go. I suppose I felt it was a little patronising - I hope arrogance will not be my downfall! In general, I lack confidence, so that would be a strange anomaly...

At some point before I finish the poetry module, I would like to go back and study 'Dulce et Decorum Est' by Wilfred Owen, and perhaps utilise the study diamond to guide my writing. 

So, onwards and upwards! TMA01 is handed in, and the next section awaits... 


(I wonder whether other OU students are using their blogs. I might ask on the forum.)

Permalink
Share post

This blog might contain posts that are only visible to logged-in users, or where only logged-in users can comment. If you have an account on the system, please log in for full access.

Total visits to this blog: 16227