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"OK Bill"

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Edited by Sharif Al-Rousi, Friday, 7 June 2013, 15:32

Reflections on engaging with online content in the Open Design Studio in H817

No, I wasn’t thanking Bill. I don’t know a Bill anyway.

That was what I typed, in a frenzied moment when, during our ODS team’s latest Google Hangout, I at last understood what tasks I had to do by the next one. I had meant to type “OK Brill”.

Our online team meetings, whether via Elluminate or Google Hangouts (broadband connection allowing) keep me sane and connected to both the activity and the task team.

I’m disheartened by the fact that I’ve not enjoyed the majority of this learning block, not least because it’s the part of the module that attracted me most to it in the first place. Some practical experience at playing around with design tools was what I really wanted; something that gave me some practical confidence as opposed to isolated academic knowledge. As yet, it has not come to pass.

It’s only now that I feel even slightly motivated to try and reflect on the actual activities, in the attempt to extract some learning from this process.

There’s been insufficient scaffolding for me to engage purposefully in this learning block. From the beginning, elements of it were fragmented across different online environments, several of which were new to me and took much time (weeks really) to get comfortable with. Herein lies one similarity with the MOOC experience.

From my point of view, an improvement here would have been a clearer overview of the whole task, with some imagery of what it would look like over the course of the weeks to completion. From here, there could have been step-off points into the other areas. No doubt some learners on the course will feel the detail on the H817 weekly pages and forums were sufficient for this. They categorically were not sufficient for me.

Bizarrely, that which looked to be the most practical learning block, that which sought to integrated theory and practice, has not done so for me. I would even go so far as to say that I have picked up little of either. I just haven’t had the opportunity to ‘play around’ with the tools, which is what I wanted to do. I’ve lost that motivation to do so as well. It’s no longer enjoyable. The moment I click into the ODS site, I’m put off. It’s not easy to shrug these feelings off.

The online team meetings at least enable me to learn from my peers. Although I am doing this from their blogs, I seem strangely unable to do this from the ODS site activity materials. By that I mean, when something is packaged up in the templates we’ve been offered, I lose the ability to interact with the material. It’s featureless, untextured, and uninteresting as a result. When we talk about it during our meetings the life comes back into it. It is almost as if I am unable to learn from them if I can’t experience activity alongside my fellow team members. Is the nature of legitimate peripheral participation inhibited by our lack of ‘real’ contact? Although I was able to engage and learn from virtual communities of practice (the online forums, my fellow learners blogs, the Twitter H817 MOOC community), there was more thinking and less ‘doing’. Perhaps something here is more task based?

What is it that I find so difficult about engaging with these materials in the ODS site and on the Google+ community? I want to understand this, because it is going to have implications for how I engage in projects in an online collaborative community. My ability to learn from others seems diminished by both the volume of activity, the rush, and grappling with the medium, but basically, I ain’t learning coz it ain’t fun!

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Continuing the journey toward an elearning theory

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Edited by Sharif Al-Rousi, Monday, 18 Mar 2013, 16:43

Post in response to H817 activity 10: Nichols (2003) A theory for elearning

Hypothesis 1: elearning is a means of education, not a mode. It can compliment different learning systems and philosophies.  I agree this is a helpful position to take, though I do think that there is a new type of learning ecosystem that operates in wholly online learning. However, as elearning encompasses more than just online learning I am happy with this position.

Hypothesis 2: elearning enables unique forms of education that fit within both face-to-face and distance learning paradigms.   The bit about this I agree with is that it changes the role of the instructor facilitator. There are new channels of communication that need to be mastered, and skills developed to achieve that.

Hypothesis 3: Choice of elearning tools should reflect rather than determine the pedagogy of a course.  As a general position I agree with this, I do think that the way in which technology enhances the learning is more important than the technology per se, with the following exception: some learners are excited and motivated by a particular technology. For example, my son, 8 years old, was far more excited by doing his times tables through a simulation game on a PC. Partly this was due to it being a game, but partly it was due to wanting to have a go with the PC.

Hypothesis 4: elearning advances primarily through the successful implementation of pedagogical innovation  I really want to agree with this, though I would add the caveat that there needs to be an inquisitiveness and curiosity about technology, as lots of people, learners and instructors have internal barriers to using technology, which will act as a drag on any potential innovative capability.

That’s is my intuitive reaction. However, I suppose we ought to judge this on the evidence we have gathered through our case studies to date. In that case, I don’t think I would agree. Things like Cloudworks, and the Personal Inquiry study (using mobile technology to expand the classroom) appear to have been primarily driven (at an early stage anyway) by a desire to explore the potential of a new technology. In other-words, the ‘build it and they will come’ approach does seem to have worked, and that conscious design has perhaps been ‘retro-fitted’ as patterns of use and user behaviour have settled over time.

Hypothesis 5: elearning can be used in two major ways: presenting content and facilitating the education process.  I agree, but if you want to be pedantic I would add that you can use it to construct (and co-construct) new content. I suppose you could consider that an overlap of the two.

Hypothesis 6: elearning tools are best made to operate within a carefully selected and optimally integrated course design model  In other words – you need to make sure that the selected tools are going to work. This could be a cultural or workflow issue. On a course I have worked on, the online forums were never used as the learners all found they could interact to the level they wished to via email, without the distraction of logging onto another system.

Critique: The ‘build it and they will come’ approach does seem to have had some traction, in contrast to Nichols’ (2003) assertion that it hasn’t, although to be fair, the examples that seem to falsify this statement (Cloudworks, Personal Inquiry study) do post-date his work. It could be that times have just change – and probably more importantly has both instructors’ and learners’ willingness to experiment, and level of comfort with the technologies.

Hypothesis 7: elearning tools and techniques should be used only after consideration to online v offline tradeoffs  A lot of this section is quite old – considering it is talking dial-up and the inability to deliver video online, which is obviously no longer the case. Saying that, I think this is a legitimate point as there is very different access to different technologies across the globe. For example, Digital Study Hall plumped for CD-Rom over online video transfer, because it was less problematic.

Hypothesis 8: Considering end-user behaviour and engagement  Absolutely vital I think – this is a principle of service design, and I think instructional design overlaps a lot here. Probably even more important, as in a live, face-to-face environment, instructors can modify their delivery style, which is removed because you are communicating through a ‘third party’ of a technological portal.

Hypothesis 9: Development of the learner in the context of a curriculum does not change when elearning is applied.   This certainly works for an institutional or a business training model – there is a need to judge outcomes, ultimately in a ROI (return on investment) mindset.

Hypothesis 10: Only pedagogical advantages will provide a lasting rationale for implementing elearning approaches  Given what I’ve said earlier, in relation to point 6, I don’t think this is a reality. There will be certain amount of pedagogical retrofitting or pedagogical redesign for elearning approaches introduced for other reasons.

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Toward a theory of elearning

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Edited by Sharif Al-Rousi, Monday, 18 Mar 2013, 16:43

Post in response to H817 activity 9: What is theory?

We’ve been asked to investigate theory, as a first step towards thinking about what a theory of elearning might look like.

I was googling and stumbled across this excerpt from a book called Social Theory: Twenty introductory lectures,by Hans Joas and Wolfgang Knobl: http://assets.cambridge.org/97805218/70634/excerpt/9780521870634_excerpt.pdf

 Although the book is about social theory, page 4 onward has some really good stuff about what a theory actually is, and charts the development of scientific thinking through recent history. Below are the key points I took from the excerpt:

What is theory?

At its simplest, theory permeates every part of life – they are generalizations that exist to make life easier, so that every decision you have to make is not a struggle.

·         Theories are generalizations

·         Theories are attempts to make sense and spot patterns

Moreover, we can say that theories are formulated to deal with specific problems. Several specific theories can be aggregated into one general theory (linking similar generalizations).

Popper says the purpose of theories is to rationalize, to explain, to master.

What is scientific theory?

·         Scientific working is a deliberate formation and/or deployment of theory, to deal with specific problems.

Scientific theories aim to make accurate generalizations (as opposed to simple prejudices) on the basis of individual cases. Scientific thinking does this in two ways:

1) Induction: formulate accurate generalizations (theories) from individual cases, or

2) Deduction: explain individual cases accurately on the basis of theories

The more ‘scientific’ a theory is, the greater the extent that theory can bear scrutiny or at the least be checked against reality.

Verification v Falsification

Since it is impossible to verify beyond all doubt that a theory applies in all cases, the concept of falsification was introduced to scientific thought. Falsification allows a observations to challenge theories.

Good science is about constant testing and questioning of our theoretical assumptions, and deliberately exposing them to the risk of falsification.

The result is that on the best theories survive (Darwinian struggle). In an environment of continuous testing and challenge, the surviving theories are not proven, but described as ‘provisionally warranted’.

 

Another problem the article touches on is the problem with the observations we make. Although we may consider them empirical evidence, in reality, all our observations are based themselves upon theory; generalizations. They are not absolute facts. All of our language to describe reality is ‘infected’ with theory. So even if our observations falsify a theory, those observations may be flawed if the theory they are based upon is false!

To overcome this intertwined relationship between theory and empirical evidence Jeffrey Alexander dealt with them as a continuum rather than polar opposites. The two extremes, the metaphysical environment and the empirical environment are both unattainable, since the way we formulate and test theory is a product of both ends. Thus any theory lies somewhere along the continuum.

Metaphysical environment

 General presuppositions

Models

Concepts

Definitions

Classifications

Laws

Complex and simple propositions

Correlations

Methodological assumptions

Observations

Empirical Environment

 

Where might a theory of elearning be located along this continuum?

Questions that need grappling with by our group include how ‘scientific’ do we want to make our theory. Do we want something rooted in observations? To me, this would seem to offer us quite a limited scope. Something broader would possibly be less testable or easier to falsify.

Who is this theory for? Learners, teachers/educators, organizations, or any combination of the above?

What is the purpose of our theory? To rationalize behaviours (of the above group(s)? To explain phenomena that we observe? To help us master the practice of learning, or teaching or administering in this elearning environment?

My own agenda on this course, is to understand how I can help my organizations deploy online technologies for the benefit of clients (and important for me: not undermine the business model without offering a different one!) Therefore, I feel I would like to steer our efforts to create an elearning theory towards a model or concept that, as a teacher/facilitator and organization, I could replicate and deploy through training products. This is however, only an initial thought. I am quite excited to see how others in the group will want to steer this.

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