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Rhizomatic learning for complex family work

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Edited by Sharif Al-Rousi, Monday, 29 Apr 2013, 22:49

Post in response to H817 MOOC activity 20: Rhizomatic Learning

 

Dave Cormier: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VJIWyiLyBpQ

 

Key features of Rhizomatic Learning

1.    The best learning teaches you to deal with uncertainty

2.    The community is the curriculum

3.    Rhizomes offer a model for learning an uncertainty

4.    Complex decision-making (probe, sense, respond)

5.    Need to make students responsible for their own learning (and that of others)

 

Was I convinced by the approach?

The messiness and organic nature of the process was appealing – something I recognize from participating it the MOOC, and operating across a number of arenas in my Personal Learning Network (PLN).

 

What I like about the slidedeck (Cormier) is that is explicitly links types of learning to decision-making, which I feel is underplayed elsewhere in the field of learning. I see rhizomatic learning as useful, if not an ideal way of supporting learning that addresses ‘complex’ problems and decision-making (as shown in the matrix below).

 

4-grid of decision-making types

This most accurately represents the working-learning environment for children’s centre leaders, that I came across in my MA research project, and rhizomatic learning is a good representation of the way in which those individuals responded to the environment – by making use of and extending their PLNs; exploring them with a specific, contextualized, learning agenda. Interesting, those most comfortable in their roles, articulated the existence of their own PLN (though not by that name) in their research responses, and their active pursuit of learning through it, whereas those less experienced individuals the learning through their PLNs seemed more incidental and unconscious.

 

Can this approach be implemented?

Accepting the above point, I can see the potential for supporting rhizomatic learning as a productive model where the context is supporting ‘complex’ decision-making, and not in environments which call for ‘complicated’ or ‘simple’ decision-making. I can, however, see that it might be potentially useful in environments of ‘chaotic’ decision-making, though there may need to be some re-working, perhaps a slimming down of linkages or arenas in the PLN to those most responsive (and trusted), so that they can be drawn upon within the time constraints that characterize chaotic decision-making. 

 

Within the field I work in, complex family work (particularly when working with holistic, family-focused models, such as Family Intervention Projects), requires complex decision-making of the kind conceived in this model. Where in the past, there has been an emphasis on ‘complicated’ decision-making, where individual professionals with specific specialisms, such as mental health, substance misuse, domestic violence, not to mention the specialisms in either adult or children as individuals, the current trend is toward a more holistic and family-focused model with the need for trade-offs to be made between the value of certain interventions targeting different family members. Whereas the previous model required ‘experts’ to see through ‘good practice’ interventions, the new model requires unique and personalized support pathways to be constructed among groups of professionals from different specialisms, working collaboratively.

There has been some effort to introduce supporting infrastructure for this work (such as the Common Assessment Framework and Team around the Family meetings, to work across the children’s workforce for instance), but workforce development, notably, has not adopted a collaborative approach to knowledge and strategy construction. My instinct is that although examples of good practice exist, it has evolved organically.

 

How might a Rhizomatic approach differ?

Compared to a lot of commercial training on offer for the workforce I’ve described, the learning would need to utilize the existing relationships and networks that exist. Therefore, I think supporting Communities of Practice as groups, both directly and indirectly, is the way forward. Direct support would involve wrapping around a learning infrastructure to the existing work-based infrastructure of clusters and professional supervision. In addition, I think for many groups, a wayfinding and facilitating role would probably be needed to support the development of critical digital literacy skills and the socialization process. Indirect support would involve enabling access to or signposting relevant Open Educational Resources.

 

What issues would arise from implementing it?

Expectations. This is the biggest issue for me. When people purchase commercial training, there is often the expectation that they will get something defined for their money, and support is something they are used to having quantified (7 hours of directed study for instance). Equally, they are used to

having defined learning outcomes and success criteria, often supported by accreditation of some sort, and associated collateral such as a certificate. While it might be wise to produce some physical product to accompany the experience of participation, so as to meet an existing expectation, it remains the case that the absence of clearly measurable learning outcomes (related to the acquisition of subject knowledge) is a conceptual leap for some participants and some purchasers of training.

 

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Big and Little OERs

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Edited by Sharif Al-Rousi, Tuesday, 23 Apr 2013, 22:03

Post in response to #H817open MOOC activity 11: The advantages of ‘little’ over ‘big’ OERs

Little v Big

Weller (2011) presents a number of advantages that little OERs (singular learning objects such as slide shows, graphs, texts, videos and pictures, that are easily adaptable and not overly contextual) have over their big (structured online courses and activities) counterparts:

  • Low cost to free, if they are a by-product of an already costed product
  • Small but unpredictable audience – Long Tail ( Anderson, 2006)
  • Open Filter – anyone can publish
  • No compromise – because no additional costs
  • High reuse potential – easily aggregated into other content
  • Pre-existing distribution channels (sometimes based on social networks) lead to easier uptake.

OER to OR

It also strikes me that little OERs can easily be used in non-educational contexts, in doing so, becoming just ‘open resources’. Whilst it is a little tricky if not impossible to put a boundary between where learning does and doesn’t take place, I can envisage situations where an object such as a slide deck or video clip originally uploaded with the intent of being used educationally, can be used for other purposes (even commercial ones should there be a license in place that allows this type of use).

I’m thinking again here of how a commercial training organisation might allow use of some of its materials for businesses and other organisations to use their materials for team briefing notes, within individual presentations etc. I must stress that my thinking is largely around how a niche training provider might allow public sector organisations such as Local Authorities or Health Trusts to use their materials, with the possible benefit of gaining credibility and developing a relationship with those organisations. However, it might also be possible to use this relationship to test the relevance and quality of those materials if a suitable feedback mechanism is built into the OER distribution channel.

Organisational strategies for producing little OERs

Weller goes on to describe how an organisation might go about producing little OERs and makes the argument that this can be done with little or no upfront investment costs. This ‘frictionless’ content production, which leads to little OERs being created as a by-product of other organisational activities involves:

  • Institutional policies that address – access, cost, copyright and tenure
  • Encouraging staff to change – space and allowance to make legitimate explorations
  • Eliminate currently wasteful work practices – meetings and lectures, which do not produce shareable content.

These actions, which can be seen as falling broadly into the realms of changing processes and changing cultures, should lead to an increase in the organisation’s ‘generativity’ (Zittrain, 2008). Arguably, changing cultures is more difficult, though (within an HE context) Weller puts forward some suggestions as to why people might contribute to the production of OERs:

  • Social connection with others
  • Interest in subject
  • Creativity and fun
  • To engage (and share) with the community
  • Ego

Weller, contrasts these strategies with those of organisations producing ‘big’ OERs. He likens these to broadcasts, typically involving large teams, lots of resources and investment. These requirements then demand specific aims, objectives, success criteria etc to justify the investment in them. Weller argues that these considerations serve to discourage experimentation in the area.

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Use and adaptation of Open Educational Resources: License issues

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Edited by Sharif Al-Rousi, Saturday, 13 Apr 2013, 00:21

Post in response to #H817open MOOC activity 9: Choosing a license for Open Content

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/

Context

Which is the most appropriate type of Creative Commons license for a commercial training organisation to use? Let’s consider the intended outcome of the organisation adopting an OER strategy in the first place. In this case, it is primarily about:

  • Raising the profile of the organisation
  • Increasing the perception of quality and usefulness the organisation can provide

Type of Open Content

There is a quantity of material that has been developed for use in training and consultancy with client organisations. A lot of this material, particularly slide-shows, could easily be repurposed for use by individuals within those organisations. Indeed, a lot of individual slides could be repurposed without using the entire slide show.

This material is already being created in a ‘frictionless’ way, though the future rate of supply is currently unknown.

We would want the users to be able to take what they need from the slideshows (individual slides) without having to use the whole thing. Therefore, they need to be able to modify the content.

We need the user to credit the organisation, as this is the chief way in which to raise its profile.

We would not want others to commercial exploit the organisation’s asset. Or would we care? If our organisation raises its profile is that enough. Probably the key commercial questions to ask are: 1) will it strengthen potential competitor organisations against our organisation’s position, and 2) will it divert potential spend with us, elsewhere?

Erring on the side of caution, the most productive and ‘safe’ option for the training organisation would be to go for the: Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License (CC BY-NC 3.0)

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Resolving Issues for Open Educational Resources

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Edited by Sharif Al-Rousi, Saturday, 13 Apr 2013, 00:10

Post in response to #H817open MOOC activity 7: Resolving Open Educational Resource Issues

Learner support

I found very little evidence of thinking or activity in this area. That which I did find (Wilson & McAndrew, 2009), was from the viewpoint of the educator as opposed to the learner. This (self-acknowledged) limited study asked a sample of HE educators how they would use OpenLearn to support their own learners. One key area, was in supporting learners with specific study skill needs: it looks as if the skills in OpenLearn in these areas (including maths) are generic enough to be relevant at HE institutions across in different countries. An overriding theme was that the easiest way for the OERs to be used was as suggested supplementary activities to the students existing course, as opposed to integration with it. More specifically, remedial work was suggested as another activity, again maths being mentioned.

Areas that were highlighted by the respondents as potentially needing further work to make the OpenLearn OERs useable for learners in other institutions included:

  • Materials in languages other than English
  • OpenLearn OERs beinge too long, and too text based, with suggestions for slimming these down into smaller units for their learners’ consumption

In addition, it was felt that time pressure on HE educators was a key reason for lack of exploration for the potential use of the OERs

Quality, validation and recognition of OERs

Hylen (2007) states the rapid growth of OERs has made finding relevant and quality ones an issue. A lot of OERs are effectively ‘invisible’. Technical solutions, such as attaching meta-data to objects are both time-consuming and fallible. Hylen cites the The European Schoonet study, which suggested that the classification of resources was not accurate in terms of how the resources were actually used. One approach to overcome this (including by European Schoolnet) has been the use of ‘folksonomies’ – getting users to add their own meta-data when using them.

In terms of finding ‘quality resources’, one issue is that quality is determined by the context in which a resource is used; it is not abstract. Connexions is a repository that allows users to rate resources, while also showing the actual contextual use of that resource.

Other strategies to afford resources with quality are:

  • EFQUEL (European Foundation for Quality in e-Learning): a four step framework/roadmap for all stakeholders in e-learning
  • Open Peer Review – time consuming and expensive
  • Brand Attachment – think OpenLearn. Also attaches brand risk!

Intellectual property rights

Downes (2002), noted that a major expense facing the MIT OpenCourseWare project was in clearing the licenses for all the material that was used. The issues to be contended with include:

  • Can authors request that their materials is removed from sites?
  • Can material be updated or amended only upon author approval?
  • Can content be used by for-profit institutions?

Different licenses have evolved to meet these needs. An example of which are the Creative Commons licenses, that allow for a range of permissions to be associated with each OER, such as limits on commercial useage, modification, and giving author credit for use. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/

  

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New blog post

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Edited by Sharif Al-Rousi, Friday, 22 Mar 2013, 14:58

Post in response to #H817open task 4: Priorities for Research in Open Education

"Imagine you are advising a funding organisation that wishes to promote activity and research in the area of open education.

  • Set out the three main priorities they should address, explaining each one and providing a justification for your list. Share this in the Week 1 forum8 and compare with priorities of others.

Thinking about a commercial training context, my priorities would be:

1) Learner Support: My angle on this is about the scaffolding, the signposting and aggregating infrastructure that needs to be in place to help learners organise, sense-make and plug in their own preferred technologies and tools; and then promoting the development of self-directing skills in this area.

There's something about the need for project management tools, to allow for meaningful cooperation activities to take place both synchronously and asynchroously, without some learners being cast adrift.

2) Intellectual rights / Content ownership: I can't see this going away. There needs to be a consideration of how future business models will work. Perhaps the future is that the infrastructure needs in my first point will be met through new models?

3) Recognition / validation: Linked to assessment, I suppose. There needs to be a meeting point between non-accredited, open and fluid learning with the structured formal stuff. Look here for innovation.

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OpenLearn - Death and Medicine module

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Edited by Sharif Al-Rousi, Friday, 22 Mar 2013, 16:50

Just completed the hour-long (guide) module on Death and Medicine: Postponement and Promise.

I feel it met the learning objectives, and was good at providing a framework for considering the subject in more depth moving forward. My selection of this module (motivated by desire to explore open learn), was due to the short completion time. I thought that I got a useful amount of thinking done for an hours commitment.

However, I was disappointed that the material wasn't more engaging. The material was only presented as text with a couple of photos. Personally I would have liked some more interactivity with the content. A video would have livened things up for me. It came across very dry as a result - and I felt very passive, much like some of those patients described within the subject matter!

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MOOC - Out of my depth!

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Edited by Sharif Al-Rousi, Monday, 18 Mar 2013, 15:27

Oh my gosh!

Feeling like a beached fish flapping on the shoreline at the moment. I've probably tried to do to much for my limited brain in one go - namely, get started with Twitter, enrol on Cloudworks, connect to and look at the blog aggregator for #h817open.

Finding Twitter not intuitive at all, which suprised me - or perhaps it is just me?

Just loads here to get around in one go, and not confident of completing a week's worth of activities. Don't want to get left behind as I can see myself slipping away from this one.

The other thing that's really scary, is that judging by the blog aggregator comments, there's a whole host of people who are racing ahead with the activities. This, plus the volume of comments on the aggregator is really hard to navigate and make sense of in short sessions, unless you're constantly keeping up to date with it - unlike our OU tutor forums where there was only a few of us.

I feel like I'm in a lecture hall of a hundred people, and 15 minutes in, I've realised that I'm way off the pace.

Scary

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